Symbol of Nature and Universe

Observe the Patterns of strings over the universe, Some are invisible and some are visible. where need to Observe the universe to understand it with the third Eye. Everything is connected with strings in this Universe indirectly and directly. 

This Universe is a Compact web of strings where the atoms are arranged in those web but they are not stable which keeps on changing there positions based on the force which is applied on them, which is the force of different objects energy, like black holes and the force of big bang occurred at beginning of universe. this string are very light particles acts based on those forces.

This makes everything connected, where soul itself is the string which maked connected with universe and mix in universe.

Thunder

Electricity

Roots

Human Skin

Leaf

Nerves 

Cosmic Universe

The Millenium Simulation created this image of the large-scale structure of the Universe

This map of the universe spans more than 500 million light-years and contains more than 100,000 galaxies. Every day some of us get scared, worried, anxious or whatever about our lives

Fire

Air, Smoke

Sky

Ice

Land

River

Soul

Cosmic Strings and their Control Over the Universe

Cosmic strings are narrow tubes of energy that stretch across the universe.

One of the strangest ideas about the nature of the universe could be one of the most important. Do long, thin, and incredibly dense strands of matter called cosmic strings wind their way throughout the universe? This theoretical idea took off with a bang in the 1980s, received a torrent of scepticism in the 1990s, and now is undergoing a resurgence of credibility.

One of the universe’s strangest conundrums is the smoothness of the early cosmos following the Big Bang and how clumpy things like galaxies could have formed suddenly from it. The answer could be cosmic strings.

Cosmic strings are defined as fundamental strings or (F-strings) when it comes to their role in the string theory. However, while studying these cosmic strings, their sizes are compared to protons i.e. ~ 1 FM which is much smaller than any other cosmological scale. The Cosmic Strings are therefore studied in the zero width or Nambu-Goto approximation.

When cosmologists model cosmic string evolution, their goal is to predict how string properties such as speed and separation change over time. This simulation shows cosmic strings when the universe was young and dominated by radiation.

Simulation of Cosmic Strings When the Universe was Young

Cosmologists are embracing the possibilities. Edward Witten of Princeton University, one of the world’s foremost theoretical physicists, says, “Strings of different sizes and kinds probably exist.” Twenty years ago, Witten opposed string theory. He now believes these tiny, string-like loops of energy could be the universe’s basic form of matter and energy and that some strings could reach enormous sizes.

The current incarnation of the theory suggests cosmic strings arose after the inflationary period. The strings researchers currently propose are less massive and more stable than the ones originally thought up in the 1980s. Because of these changes, they would have less effect on the cosmos than astronomers originally thought, so they would not necessarily be ruled in or out of existence by recent observations. With the reformulation of what astronomers think strings might be, the question of whether they can be detected still hangs out there. Two research teams have reported evidence of cosmic strings in different parts of the sky, but these observations are unconfirmed.

According to Alexander Vilenkin of Tufts University, however, who pioneered cosmic string theory by suggesting strings could have triggered the formation of galaxies, the discoveries have “breathed new life into this field.” The current thinking on cosmic strings goes as follows: When inflation occurred, “cracks” in the universe’s phase transition arose, and these cracks created thin, super dense strings of matter and energy. These features might have formed like fissures in ice, along faults between transition zones. These sinewy filaments of matter might forever be frozen in a primordial state, having avoided the cosmic inflation the rest of the universe experienced. If they exist, cosmic strings are almost unimaginably thin, yet they possess nearly unlimited length.

Strings also may be incredibly dense, much denser than the matter at a neutron star’s centre. With such density, cosmic strings would act as gravitational lenses if they floated in front of bright background objects, and this could be one way to find one.

Cosmic strings may have formed as defects in space-time when the universe cooled. The process is analogous to cracks that form as water freezes to ice. When strings collide, they can exchange pieces and form a free-floating loop. For instance, two strings approach one another at half the speed of light. Both strings emit radiation — usually gravitational waves. A new loop forms in the collision’s aftermath.

Evidence that the universe is made of strings has been elusive for 30 years, but the theory's mathematical insights continue to have an alluring pull

Yet, spotting a long cosmic string could be incredibly difficult: Computer simulations suggest they would be spaced about 325 million light-years apart. The nearest long cosmic string might be 10,000 light-years away. The possibility of detecting a cosmic string by lensing exists.

Astronomers will be looking for such events with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatories (LIGO) and, in the next decade, with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). “Cosmic strings might actually provide the best observational window into fundamental string theory,” says Thomas Kibble of Imperial College in London. With a rebirth of study and credibility, cosmic strings will carry on as a hot topic.

It is going to be a long process in really understanding such theories. We hope that cosmologists and researchers will continue to move ahead and try to find out some inroads into the concept of time travel through such theories.

Formation of the Solar System

• The Solar System is the gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it, either directly or indirectly. Of the objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest eight are the planets, with the remainder being smaller objects, such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies. Of the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly, the moons, two are larger than the smallest planet, Mercury.
• The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud. The vast majority of the system's mass is in the Sun, with the majority of the remaining mass contained in Jupiter. The four smaller inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, are terrestrial planets, being primarily composed of rock and metal. The four outer planets are giant planets, being substantially more massive than the terrestrials.
• The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants, being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium; the two outermost planets, Uranus and Neptune, are ice giants, being composed mostly of substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium, called volatiles, such as water, ammonia and methane. All eight planets have almost circular orbits that lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic.

Mysterious Places in the World

Bermuda Triangle

1. Tales of lost mariners and disappeared ships, crashed aircraft and even vanishing humans, have been emerging from the waters of the Bermuda Triangle for centuries.
2. The vast area of more than half a million square miles is also known as the Devil’s Triangle, and theories as to why so many travellers fall foul of its clutches abound.
3. Some say there are magnetic anomalies that throw compasses off course, others that tropical cyclones are to blame, and some say there’s simply no mystery at all! Today, visiting the area can be much more pleasant than you might think, with the sun-splashed islands of Turks and Caicos beckoning in the south and the coves of Bermuda in the north.

Great Pyramid of Giza

Timeline and map of the Great Pyramid of Giza and the other Wonders of the Ancient World

1. The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact.
2. Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC. Initially at 146.5 metres (481 feet), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years. Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base. 
3. There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.

Stonehenge

1. Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, 2 miles (3 km) west of Amesbury. It consists of a ring of standing stones, with each standing stone around 13 feet (4.0 m) high, 7 feet (2.1 m) wide and weighing around 25 tons.
2. The stones are set within earthworks in the middle of the densest complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds.

Evolution of Religion

• There is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion. It may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviours and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophesies, ethics, or organizations, that relate humanity to the supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual.
• Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacred things, faith, a supernatural being or supernatural beings or "some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life".
• Religious practices may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture. Religions have sacred histories and narratives, which may be preserved in sacred scriptures, and symbols and holy places, that aim mostly to give a meaning to life. Religions may contain symbolic stories, which are sometimes said by followers to be true, that have the side purpose of explaining the origin of life, the Universe and other things. Traditionally, faith, in addition to reason, has been considered a source of religious beliefs.

Life to Death

• Life is a characteristic that distinguishes physical entities that do have biological processes, such as signalling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate.
• Various forms of life exist, such as plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria. The criteria can at times be ambiguous and may or may not define viruses, viroid’s, or potential artificial life as "living". Biology is the primary science concerned with the study of life, although many other sciences are involved.
• Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. Phenomena which commonly bring about death include aging, predation, malnutrition, disease, suicide, homicide, starvation, dehydration, and accidents or trauma resulting in terminal injury. In most cases, bodies of living organisms begin to decompose shortly after death.
• Death – particularly the death of humans – has commonly been considered a sad or unpleasant occasion, due to the affection for the being that has died and the termination of social and familial bonds with the deceased. Other concerns include fear of death, necrophobia, anxiety, sorrow, grief, emotional, pain, depression, sympathy, compassion, solitude, or saudade. Many cultures and religions have the idea of an afterlife, and also hold the idea of reward or judgement and punishment for past sin.

The Origin of Life

• Life is a characteristic that distinguishes physical entities that do have biological processes, such as signalling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate.
• Various forms of life exist, such as plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria.
• The criteria can at times be ambiguous and may or may not define viruses, viroid’s, or potential artificial life as "living".
• Biology is the primary science concerned with the study of life, although many other sciences are involved.
• The earliest known life forms on Earth are putative fossilized microorganisms, found in hydrothermal vent precipitates, that may have lived as early as 4.28 billion years ago, not long after the oceans formed 4.41 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago.

History of Earth

The history of Earth concerns the development of planet Earth from its formation to the present day. Nearly all branches of natural science have contributed to the understanding of the main events of Earth's past. The age of the Earth is approximately one-third of the age of the universe. An immense amount of geological change has occurred in that timespan, accompanied by the emergence of life and its subsequent evolution.

Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula. Volcanic outgassing probably created the primordial atmosphere and then the ocean, but the early atmosphere contained almost no oxygen and so would not have supported known forms of life. Much of the Earth was molten because of frequent collisions with other bodies which led to extreme volcanism. A giant impact collision with a planet-sized body named Theia while Earth was in its earliest stage, also known as Early Earth, is thought to have been responsible for forming the Moon. Over time, the Earth cooled, causing the formation of a solid crust, and allowing liquid water to exist on the surface.

Human Evolution

Darwin's Theory Of Evolution

Human evolution in vedas vishnu Avatars

Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus Homo – and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes. This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.

The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, palaeontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics. Genetic studies show that primates diverged from other mammals about 85 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous period, and the earliest fossils appear in the Palaeocene, around 55 million years ago.

In the Puranic mythologies of ancient India, the legend of the Avatar is considered one of the most important myths of the Vedic culture. It is particularly associated with the God Vishnu, one of the principle deities of the Hindu trinity which also includes Brahma, the creator and Shiva, the destroyer. Vishnu is the preservation aspect of the trinity and represents that all-pervading power which maintains the universe and the cosmic order.

History of Universe

• The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it talks about the universe as we know it starting with a small singularity, then inflating over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today. Because current instruments don't allow astronomers to peer back at the universe's birth, much of what we understand about the Big Bang Theory comes from mathematical theory and models.
• Astronomers can, however, see the "echo" of the expansion through a phenomenon known as the cosmic microwave backgrounds. 

String theory

A cross section of a quintic Calabi–Yau manifold

• In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the pointlike particles of particle physics are replaced by one dimensional objects called strings. It describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other. 
• On distance scales larger than the string scale, a string looks just like an ordinary particle, with its mass, charge, and other properties determined by the vibrational state of the string. In string theory, one of the many vibrational states of the string corresponds to the graviton, a quantum mechanical particle that carries gravitational force. 
• Thus string theory is a theory of quantum gravity. String theory is a broad and varied subject that attempts to address a number of deep questions of fundamental physics. String theory has been applied to a variety of problems in black hole physics, early universe cosmology, nuclear physics, and condensed matter physics, and it has stimulated a number of major developments in pure mathematics. 
• Because string theory potentially provides a unified description of gravity and particle physics, it is a candidate for a theory of everything, a selfcontained mathematical model that describes all fundamental forces and forms of matter. Despite much work on these problems, it is not known to what extent string theory describes the real world or how much freedom the theory allows to choose the details. 
• String theory was first studied in the late 1960s as a theory of the strong nuclear force, before being abandoned in favor of quantum chromodynamics.Subsequently, it was realized that the very properties that made string theory unsuitable as a theory of nuclear physics made it a promising candidate for a quantum theory of gravity. The earliest version of string theory, bosonic string theory, incorporated only the class of particles known as bosons. It later developed into superstring theory, which posits a connection called supersymmetry between bosons and the class of particles called fermions. 
• Five consistent versions of superstring theory were developed before it was conjectured in the mid1990s that they were all different limiting cases of a single theory in eleven dimensions known as Mtheory.
• In late 1997, theorists discovered an important relationship called the AdS/CFT correspondence, which relates string theory to another type of physical theory called a quantum field theory.

String theory arrived in the public field in 1988 when a BBC radio series Desperately Seeking Superstrings was aired. Thanks to good marketing and its naturally curious name and characteristics, it is now part of popular discourse, mentioned in TV’s Big Bang Theory, Woody Allen stories, and countless science documentaries.

But what is string theory and why does it find itself covered in controversy?

Life, the universe and the theory of everything:

Today we think of string theory in two ways. It’s understood as a theory of everything – that is, a theory that purposes to explain all four forces of nature within a single hypothetical scheme.

These forces are:

• Electromagnetic force
• Gravitational force
• Weak nuclear force
• Strong nuclear force.

Electromagnetism and gravity are acquainted to most people. The nuclear forces happen at a subatomic level and are invisible to the naked eye. String theory is also utilized to explain quantum gravity, a theory that joins Einstein’s theory of gravity and the principles of quantum theory.

Tangled beginnings:

But string theory started life more humbly, as a way to define strongly interacting particles called hadrons. Hadrons are now known to be made of quarks linked with gluons but string theory observed them as quarks joined by strings (tubes of energy).

Understood this way, string theory buckled under both new experimental proof (leading to the highest of quantum chromodynamics which describes the connections of quarks and gluons) and also internal problems. String theory involved too many particles, as well as a massless particle with so-called spin 2 – spin being the name used for the angular momentum of particles. As it occurs, this is precisely the property possessed by the graviton – the transporter of gravitational force in the particle physics picture of the world.

Beyond four dimensions:

This finding meant that with a bit of skilful rebranding (and rescaling the energy of the strings to contest the strength of gravitation), string theory shed its hadronic past and was born-again as a quantum theory of gravity. All those other particles that were also difficult for the original string theory were capable of capturing the remaining non-gravitational forces too. This is how string theory took on its present role as describing all four forces together: a theory of everything.

But it could not shed many of its curious features. One such feature was the need of many more space-time dimensions than are really seen.

In a “bosonic” form of string theory (i.e. without matter or fermions, there would have to be 21 dimensions – 20 space dimensions and one time dimension. In a theory with fermions, there would have to be nine space dimensions and one temporal, ten dimensions all together. The problem is that we only observe four dimensions: height, width, depth (all spatial) and time (temporal).

Supersizing symmetry, downsizing dimensions:

The “super” in “superstring theory” refers to symmetry, known as supersymmetry, connecting bosons and fermions. There are five probable theories that include matter in ten dimensions. This was formerly taken as a problem since it was projected that a theory of everything should be unique. The six hidden dimensions (ten minus the four dimensions of everyday life) are made too small to be seen, using a process known as compactification.

Beautiful Maths:

It is from this process that much of the extremely beautiful (and cruelly difficult) mathematics involved in string theory stems. We have no problem thinking of each occasion in the world as labelled by four numbers or coordinates (e.g., x,y,z,t). A string-theoretic world adds another six coordinates, only they are wrinkled into a tiny space of radius related to the string length, so we do not see them.

But, according to string theory, their influence can be observed indirectly by the way strings moving through spacetime will wrap around those crumpled, curled up directions. There are very many ways of concealing those six dimensions, yielding more probable stringy worlds (possibly as many as 10500!).

How long is a piece of string?

This is why string theory is so controversial. It apparently loses all predictive power since we have no way of separating our world between this plenitude. And what good is a scientific theory if it cannot make predictions?

One response is to say that these numerous theories are not in fact so different. In fact there are all sorts of strict relations known as dualities connecting them. More current progresses based on these dualities include a new type of object with higher dimensions – so called Dp-branes. These too can wrap around the dense dimensions to make possibly visible effects

Most outstandingly, they can also deliver boundaries on which endpoints of strings sit. Just to confuse things more, a new kind of theory has been found, this time in 11 dimensions: 11 dimensional supergravity - it is also very attractive mathematically.

Dial M for Multiverse:

String theorists are fond of saying that these six theories are features (special limits) of a deeper fundamental theory, known as M-theory. In this way, individuality is restored.

Or is it?

We still have the spectre of the 10500 solutions or worlds. The great hope is that the numeral solutions with features like our own world’s (with its four noticeable dimensions, particles of numerous types interacting with particular strengths, conscious observers, and so on) will be small enough to be capable of extracting testable predictions.

So far, though, the only actual way of getting our world out of the theory includes the use of a multiverse (a realistically interpreted ensemble of string theoretic worlds with differing physical properties) joint with the anthropic principle (only some of these worlds have what it takes to support humans).

Unnecessary to say, this does not completely sit easy with critics of string theory!

But string theory has been making strides in other areas of physics, remarkably in the physics of plasmas and of superconductors. Whether this success can be repeated within its proper realm (fundamental physics) remains to be seen.

Pancha Bhoota (5 Elements of Nature)

Pancha Bhoota, These elements are: Prithvi (Earth), Apas/Jal (Water), Agni(Fire), Vayu (Air), Aakash(Aether,sky).

• Pancha Bhoota or Pancha MahaBhuta, five great elements, also five physical elements, is a group of five basic elements, which, according to Hinduism, is the basis of all cosmic creation. 
• These elements are: Prithvi (Hindi: पृзी, Earth), Apas/Jal (Hindi: जल, Water), Agni (Hindi:अिΏ, Fire), Vayu (Hindi: वायु, Air), Aakash(Hindi: आकाश, Aether). 
• These elements have different characteristics and these also account for different faculties of human experience. 
• In Ayurveda and Indian philosophy, the human body is considered to be made of these five elements. However, Cārvāka did not accept Akash as basic element as it is not tangible and according to him, there are only four basic elements. Buddhism also accepts four basic elements and Akash is left out. These five elements of Indian cosmological system are similar but not identical to five element theories used in East Asia.

Observable Universe to Internal Univerese

Observable universe is a spherical region of the Universe comprising all matter that can be observed from Earth at the present time, because electromagnetic radiation from these objects has had time to reach Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion. There are at least 2 trillion galaxies in the observable universe, containing more stars than all the grains of sand on planet Earth. Assuming the Universe is isotropic, the distance to the edge of the observable universe is roughly the same in every direction. That is, the observable universe is a spherical volume (a ball) centred on the observer. Every location in the Universe has its own observable universe, which may or may not overlap with the one centred on Earth. The word observable used in this sense does not refer to the capability of modern technology to detect light or other information from an object, or whether there is anything to be detected. It refers to the physical limit created by the speed of light itself.